Insights from HPLCG and Histopathology: Measurement of DNA Damage and Hepatotoxicity Related to N-nitrosodimethylamine

Abstract

Due to the wide spread occurrence of NDMA through water sanitation process, their formation in food and pharmaceutical products.This study is necessary to investigate the DNA damaging effect and hepatotoxicity related to NDMA exposure. The study include 45 adult male rats classified into three groups. Group I represent negative control treated with distilled water I.P for 3 months. Group II treated with 3mg/kg NDMA I.P for 3 months and Group III treated with 1.5 mg/kg NDMA I.P for 3 months. After completion of study periods, liver tissue and blood sample were collected for analysis. The result reveals NDMA groups cause DNA damage of hepatocyte in comparison to control, also showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in serum total bilirubin and prothrombin time (PT) with a dose dependent effect. However, a significant (P<0.05) decrease in serum albumin level in groups treated with NDMA when compared to control. Liver tissue reflect several pathological condition related to NDMA ranging from hepatocyte degeneration, proliferation, necrosis and hepatic fibrosis. Moreover, severe proliferation of bile duct also noticed along with granulomatous inflammatory reaction and thick bands of fibrous tissue noted with Masson stain in liver tissue exposed to NDMA. Nitrosamine can be consider a carcinogenic agent related to DNA damaging effect of hepatocyte and their hyper-proliferative condition.